IoT-Based Person / Wheelchair Fall Detection System
Project ID: IOT-103
Used Components
ESP32 Development Board MPU6050 Accelerometer + Gyroscope Sensor GPS Module (NEO-6M or similar) GSM/GPRS Module (SIM800L / SIM7600) Buzzer Emergency/Panic Push Button OLED Display 0.96" – optional LED Indicators Rechargeable Li-ion Battery Battery Charging Module Voltage Regulator / DC-DC Converter Wi-Fi / Internet Connection Connecting Wires, PCB/Breadboard and Enclosure
Description
The IoT-Based Person/Wheelchair Fall Detection System is designed to automatically detect when an elderly person, patient, disabled person, or wheelchair user experiences a fall or abnormal movement. The main controller of the system is an ESP32, which continuously receives motion and orientation information from an MPU6050 accelerometer and gyroscope sensor. The MPU6050 measures acceleration, angular movement, tilt, and changes in body or wheelchair orientation. When the system detects a sudden acceleration followed by an abnormal tilt or stationary condition, the ESP32 analyzes the sensor values to determine whether a possible fall has occurred. To reduce false alarms, the system can wait for a short confirmation period before generating an emergency alert. After a fall is confirmed, a buzzer and LED provide a local warning. A panic/cancel button can be provided so that the user can cancel the emergency notification if they are safe. For outdoor or remote monitoring, a GPS module can determine the person's current geographical location. A GSM/GPRS module can then send an SMS, make an emergency call, or transmit information through the internet to family members, caregivers, hospital staff, or a monitoring application. If Wi-Fi is available, the ESP32 can directly send the alert through an IoT cloud platform or mobile application.