IOT Based Underground Cable Fault Detector Project.
Project ID: IOT-112
Used Components
ESP32 / NodeMCU / Arduino Resistor Network Relay Module Current Sensor Voltage Sensor ADC Circuit LCD / OLED Display Buzzer LED Indicators Wi-Fi / IoT Platform Cable Simulation Setup Power Supply Connecting Wires and PCB/Breadboard
Description
The IoT Underground Cable Fault Detector Project is designed to identify faults in underground electrical cable systems and report their approximate location. Underground cables can develop faults because of insulation damage, moisture, mechanical stress, aging, or accidental excavation. In a prototype system, a resistor network is generally used to simulate different lengths of underground cable. When a short-circuit or ground fault occurs, the electrical characteristics of the circuit change. The controller measures voltage and current values and uses the calibrated relationship between resistance and cable length to estimate the approximate fault distance. The calculated fault location can be shown on an LCD or OLED display and transmitted through Wi-Fi to an IoT dashboard. A buzzer or warning indicator can also be activated when a fault is detected. The system can display information such as the faulted line, type of fault, approximate distance, voltage/current condition, and fault status. It is mainly useful as an educational prototype for electrical engineering, power distribution monitoring, maintenance demonstrations, and smart-grid concepts.